中国组织工程研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (21): 3398-3405.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.021

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞与脱细胞异体神经支架在周围神经长段缺损中的应用

池昊天,阳运康   

  1. 泸州医学院附属医院骨与关节外科,四川省泸州市  646000
  • 出版日期:2014-05-21 发布日期:2014-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 阳运康,副教授,泸州医学院附属医院骨与关节外科,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:池昊天,男,1989年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,泸州医学院在读硕士,主要从事手显微外科及骨与关节修复重建的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    四川省卫生厅课题(07018)

Applications of stem cells and acellular nerve scaffolds in the repair of long-segment peripheral nerve defects

Chi Hao-tian, Yang Yun-kang   

  1. Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Online:2014-05-21 Published:2014-05-21
  • Contact: Yang Yun-kang, Associate professor, Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Chi Hao-tian, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the grant from Sichuan Health Bureau, No. 07018

摘要:

背景:将种子细胞植入合适的载体支架可以构建具有生物活性及相应功能的组织工程神经桥接物,干细胞与脱细胞异体神经构成的组织工程移植物正成为周围神经长段缺损研究领域的重要移植材料,并已初步显示出良好的应用前景。
目的:综述近年来干细胞与脱细胞异体神经支架在周围神经长段缺损中的应用。
方法:第一、二作者应用计算机检索1998年1月至2014年2月PubMed数据库、中国期刊全文数据库有关干细胞与脱细胞异体神经支架在周围神经长段缺损中应用的文章,英文检索词“stem cells , peripheral nerve defect, acellular allogeneic nerves”;中文检索词“干细胞,周围神经缺损,脱细胞异体神经”。共检索到1 013篇相关文献,其中97篇文献符合纳入标准。
结果与结论:干细胞因组织损伤后释放的各种趋化因子吸引以及其自身趋化作用聚集到损伤部位,分泌大量的营养物质,促进机体损伤神经功能的修复。干细胞可以在周围环境的诱导和内在分化偏向共同作用下分化并代替人体内损伤或死亡的神经细胞。此外,干细胞联合组织工程材料移植,减少胶质瘢痕的形成也是促进周围神经损伤修复的因素。干细胞可以增强神经突触之间的联系,建立新的神经环路。神经干细胞具有分化为其他神经细胞的潜力,但其分化与调控的确切机制尚不明了。对于如何改善微环境,使更多的干细胞分化为神经元与少突胶质细胞并维持细胞活性尚缺乏有效的方法。故有效的抑制移植早期的免疫排斥反应,应成为研究的重点所在。神经移植后如何提高神经再生速度和质量,维持靶器官的组织结构与功能更需要长期的摸索。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 生物材料, 材料相容性, 干细胞, 脱细胞, 异体神经支架, 移植, 周围神经缺损, 研究进展

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Transplanting seed cells into suitable vehicle materials can construct tissue-engineered nerve bridging graft with bioactivity and corresponding function. Tissue-engineered nerve bridging graft from stem cells and acellular allogeneic nerve is becoming a important transplanted substance in the field of long-segment peripheral nerve defects, and has been some promising prospect.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application of stem cells and the acellular allogenic acellular nerve scaffold in the peripheral nerve deficit
METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI was performed by the authors to retrieve articles concerning stem cells and acellular allogeneic nerves in the repair of long-segmental peripheral nerve defects published from January 1998 to February 2014. The keywords were “stem cells, peripheral nerve defect, acellular allogeneic nerves” in English and Chinese, respectively. Totally 1 013 literatures were retrieved, among which 97 met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: First, stem cells converge at the lesion site because of their own chemotaxis and various chemotactic factors released after tissue lesion to secrete a large amount of nutrients that can promote the reparation of the damaged nerve function. Secondly, with the help of the surrounding environment and the intrinsic differentiation bias, stem cells can differentiate and replace the damaged and dead nerve cells. Besides, stem cells transplantation combined with tissue engineering materials can reduce glial scar formation, and promote the repair of peripheral nerve defects. Stem cells can enhance the junction between nerve synapses and create a new neural circuit. Neural stem cells have the potential of differentiating into other nerve cells. However, the differentiation and regulation mechanism is not explicit. There is no effective way to improve the microcirculation in order to turn more stem cells into neurons and oligodendrocytes and maintain the cellular activity. So, the effective inhibition of the immune rejection in early stage after transplantation is the key of our study. After the nerve transplantation, how to improve the speed and quality of the neuranagensis and maintain the tissue structure and function of the target organ needs a long way of fumble.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


全文链接:

Key words: stem cells, neural stem cells, transplantation, peripheral nerves

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